This essay explores the concept of gnosis (ma‘rifah) in Islam, understood as the highest form of knowledge that unites intellect,…
Read More

This essay explores the concept of gnosis (ma‘rifah) in Islam, understood as the highest form of knowledge that unites intellect,…
Read More
Muslim and non-Islamic scholars have been interested in studying Islam since its emergence. The concept of ‘ilm becomes a central…
Read MoreIn 2010, I met Anies Baswedan at Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhorn Sri Thammarat. He was still the Rector of…
Read More